Conserving biodiversity and avoiding the extinction of species are huge global challenges. It has never been more important for scientists to understand organisms and ecosystems, and how they respond to the threats they face.
Ecology and Conservation at Lincoln seeks to explore the natural world, from individuals to populations, and communities to ecosystems. Students are able to examine how organisms interact with each other and their environment, and how these processes are affected by human activities. This helps them to understand the planetary ecosystem and how it responds to environmental change. Students can learn key practical skills that professional ecologists and conservation practitioners are looking for in graduates.
The course offers a diverse programme that aims to provide a firm grounding in the principles of ecology and conservation. It aims to enable students to specialise in the areas that interest them. It is taught by research-active staff in both the Department of Life Sciences and Department of Geography, who specialise in a wide range of disciplines across evolution, ecology, zoology, and environmental health. Key industry-relevant skills are taught by practitioners that have included guests from Lincolnshire Wildlife Trust and Forestry England, as well as speakers from a range of employers from across the sector.
Alongside day trips throughout the degree to locations which have previously included Kew Gardens and the Millennium Seed Bank, this course also includes a residential field trip in the UK to study ecology in a field setting. There is an additional optional overseas field trip in the final year where previous students have visited the Andean Cloud Forest in Ecuador, the Mankwe Wildlife Reserve in South Africa, and boreal forests in Finland.
Conserving biodiversity and avoiding the extinction of species are huge global challenges. It has never been more important for scientists to understand organisms and ecosystems, and how they respond to the threats they face.
Ecology and Conservation at Lincoln seeks to explore the natural world, from individuals to populations, and communities to ecosystems. Students are able to examine how organisms interact with each other and their environment, and how these processes are affected by human activities. This helps them to understand the planetary ecosystem and how it responds to environmental change. Students can learn key practical skills that professional ecologists and conservation practitioners are looking for in graduates.
The course offers a diverse programme that aims to provide a firm grounding in the principles of ecology and conservation. It aims to enable students to specialise in the areas that interest them. It is taught by research-active staff in both the Department of Life Sciences and Department of Geography, who specialise in a wide range of disciplines across evolution, ecology, zoology, and environmental health. Key industry-relevant skills are taught by practitioners that have included guests from Lincolnshire Wildlife Trust and Forestry England, as well as speakers from a range of employers from across the sector.
Alongside day trips throughout the degree to locations which have previously included Kew Gardens and the Millennium Seed Bank, this course also includes a residential field trip in the UK to study ecology in a field setting. There is an additional optional overseas field trip in the final year where previous students have visited the Andean Cloud Forest in Ecuador, the Mankwe Wildlife Reserve in South Africa, and boreal forests in Finland.
Subject area ranked 3rd in the UK for student satisfaction*
Optional overseas field trip to locations around the world
Optional placement year
Taught by experienced research-active staff
A residential field trip and day trips in the UK
Available with a Science Foundation Year
*Out of 91 ranking institutions in the Complete University Guide 2025
This degree is designed to provide a broad understanding of the key aspects of ecology and conservation, and emphasises gaining practical skills in the field and laboratory.
Students have the chance to develop practical skills in species identification and environmental surveying, as well as 'soft' skills in scientific methods and communication, which can be invaluable in many workplaces, but are especially critical for ecology and conservation. There is also an opportunity for students to gain professional experience by undertaking a placement year between the second and third year of their studies.
In the first year, students have the opportunity to develop a broad understanding of biological concepts, including ecology, animal and plant anatomy and physiology, as well as key skills in environmental monitoring.
During the second year, more specialist modules include conservation biology, evolution, and managing of ecosystems. Students can choose from a selection of optional modules to align their studies with areas of particular interest.
There is an emphasis on independent research in the third year, and students are expected to undertake a substantial research project, as well as modules to develop critical scientific skills. This degree combines demonstrations with hands-on work in-lab or in-field.
Students will also have the opportunity to develop their ability to communicate scientific knowledge effectively, in different contexts, different formats, and to different recipients.
This degree is designed to provide a broad understanding of the key aspects of ecology and conservation, and emphasises gaining practical skills in the field and laboratory.
Students have the chance to develop practical skills in species identification and environmental surveying, as well as 'soft' skills in scientific methods and communication, which can be invaluable in many workplaces, but are especially critical for ecology and conservation. There is also an opportunity for students to gain professional experience by undertaking a placement year between the second and third year of their studies.
In the first year, students have the opportunity to develop a broad understanding of biological concepts, including ecology, animal and plant anatomy and physiology, as well as key skills in environmental monitoring.
During the second year, more specialist modules include conservation biology, evolution, and managing of ecosystems. Students can choose from a selection of optional modules to align their studies with areas of particular interest.
There is an emphasis on independent research in the third year, and students are expected to undertake a substantial research project, as well as modules to develop critical scientific skills. This degree combines demonstrations with hands-on work in-lab or in-field.
Students will also have the opportunity to develop their ability to communicate scientific knowledge effectively, in different contexts, different formats, and to different recipients.
Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of Animals is concerned with the principles of the diversity of anatomical form and function in animals using a comparative approach. Anatomical adaptations will be explored across taxa within the animal kingdom in order to show how different types of organisms use their anatomy to solve the similar physiological problems. Through this, an understanding will be developed of how organisms from different taxa address physiological aspects of their life histories.
Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their environment. These interactions can be studied across different levels of biological organisation including individuals, populations, communities and ecosystems. This module will examine how these different levels of organisation are interconnected and how the study of ecology allows us to better understand patterns in the natural world
Geography is a fundamentally spatial discipline. As such, spatial data and analyses often lie at the heart of how we understand and navigate life on our planet. This module provides an introduction to Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Earth Observation, including both the fundamental theories which underpin these technologies and their practical applications. Specifically, this module introduces students to some of the important sources of geospatial data and the technologies underpinning them, and highlights ways in which they are used both within geographical science and more widely. In addition, students will gain hands-on, skills-based experience in processing and analysing data using GIS and Earth Observation software. These are vital tools that will enable students to more rigorously assess the safety and health of the inhabited Earth.
This module aims to provide a broad overview of plant form and function by reviewing the key structural characteristics of cells, tissues and organs in a range of plant species. It investigates the diversity of plant form and the evolutionary history of plant life; emphasis is placed on the adaptations of plants to their environment. It focuses on the relationship between anatomy and the mechanical role of cells, tissues and organs. Concepts and principles are introduced via formal lectures and further developed by using laboratory practicals.
Practical field skills are essential for the Ecology and Conservation degree. This module introduces students to a range of skills including field identification, sampling of specimens, and laboratory analysis. Teaching will cover a range of skills for environmental monitoring and ecological assessment, and introduce students to a range of species protected under UK legislation, and therefore of particular interest to conservation organisations, government departments, and professional ecologists.
Research methods for the Life Sciences aims to introduce the skills and knowledge necessary for students to assimilate and judge scientific knowledge. Students will be introduced to the tools required to search and evaluate the scientific literature relevant to their studies, and some of the key philosophical constructs around which scientific knowledge is based. They will be taught about hypothesis testing, experimental design, data collection, basic mathematical and statistical concepts, and data presentation, and gain hands-on experience of their application.
The aim of this module is to introduce students to the links between ecosystems and human health. The module focuses heavily on the role of human activities in changing ecosystems, covering aspects of human impacts on ecosystems as well as policy and regulatory actions to improve and safeguard vital ecosystems. Impacts are assessed in terms of both human and wider environmental factors such as quality of life and access to safe and healthy resources as well as biodiversity, landscape assets and climate resilience. By exploring a range of relevant case studies, the module will discuss assumptions about environmental/ecosystem interactions and equip students with the necessary critical knowledge and overview for deriving real-world solutions to a representative range of current environmental problems. Teaching and assessment will cover three broad themes including environmental resources and degradation, SDGs, ecosystems and biodiversity and sustainable socio-ecological systems.
This module provides a critical insight into the key biological principles of conservation and their application in a cross-disciplinary context. It will give an overview of the nature and complexity of threats to biodiversity across scales of biological organisation, and approaches to mitigating these. It will detail the methods used to assess risk of extinction / collapse in ecological systems, especially the key foci of management: populations, habitats, and ecosystems. It will highlight the challenges conservation faces in varied contexts: ecological, social, political, economic, historical.
Data is central to any scientific pursuit. Data-centric skills are crucial for any environmental scientist undertaking any form of data collection, management, visualisation and/or analysis. This module introduces knowledge and skills relevant to varied sorts of environmental data: storage, handling and manipulation; data visualisation; statistical analysis, interpretation and communication; and applying such knowledge and skills when designing environmental studies. In the age of information, computational skills are becoming ever more relevant, and this module will hone different computational skills, especially coding.
The Evolution and Biodiversity module introduces the fundamental concepts that explain how the diversity of life on earth has evolved. The module opens with accounts of the historical development of evolutionary biology as a science, teaches the fundamental principles of evolution, from genes through individuals to communities, from micro- to macroevolution. It builds upon basic ecological principles of interacting individuals across a continuum from mutualism to parasitism, and how these interactions drive co-evolution and adaptation to environments, driving diversity and shaping communities of interacting organisms.
This module will introduce students to the applications of GIS and Remote Sensing in supporting evidence-based decisions for sustainable landscape. Students will learn how spatial data is obtained, processed, analysed, and visualized to address real-world problems such as identifying crime hotspots, resources allocation, environmental and ecosystem monitoring and change detection. The module will combine lectures with hands-on practical sessions using industry-standard software such as ArcGIS Pro and QGIS. The theoretical foundations from lectures will enable students to critically interpret spatial data and communicate findings effectively through maps and reports. By exploring a range of GIS and remote sensing techniques, students will develop transferable skills useful for addressing a range of environmental issues.
This module will focus on understanding both how and why animals behave the way they do. It will consider key concepts within both domestic and wild animal behaviour, drawn from a wide variety of taxonomic groups, and appraise how an animal’s behaviour is influenced by its ecology and evolution, how it links to its underlying cognitive processes, and how it impacts on its welfare and conservation. There will be a particular emphasis on the practical investigation of animal behaviour.
Human influences on the environment can be seen almost everywhere on our planet, from the deepest ocean trenches to the peaks of the Himalayas and out beyond the stratosphere. This module introduces students to a wide range of human-caused environmental issues facing the world today, using a range of global and regional case studies. Students will explore their causes and consequences, as well as potential responses to them, and develop skills in communicating these critical issues to different audiences using different techniques.
This module is an introduction to the key major taxonomic groups of invertebrates and vertebrates. Major invertebrate groups will include inter alia: sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, nematodes, annelids, molluscs, arthropods, echinoderms, and cephalochordates. All major vertebrate classes will be considered in detail.
The School believes that an option to study overseas is a valuable educational opportunity for our students. Provision of this option supports the educational aims of the School of Life Sciences and enhances the distinctiveness of its degrees at Lincoln. The optional year is intended to:
- enable students to benefit from studying within a cross cultural environment
- expose students to a wider academic and cultural experience
- enhance their future employment opportunities
- by increasing their cultural and professional mobility.
This module is optional for students within the School. Study Abroad is a year long module which enables students to spend a year studying abroad at one of the University's approved partner institutions. Eligible students must have completed their second year of study to a satisfactory standard and successfully completed the application process for the year abroad.
During the year spent abroad, students share classes with local students and study on a suite of locally-delivered taught modules which have been approved in advance by the University. Upon their return, as part of the assessment for this module, students are required to critically reflect upon their experience of living and studying in a different cultural environment and the skills acquired.
This module aims to help students understand theory, develop skills, build tacit knowledge and, importantly, integrate and apply knowledge and skills acquired from prior learning to novel situations. The module is built around the principle of scientific enquiry and the ownership of that process by students in order to develop practical, cognitive, and affective skills. Student ownership will be developed throughout the module, starting with guided activities that teach core identification and field study skills, and culminating in a student-led field study in which students conceive and design an experiment, collect and analyse data, and present the findings.
This module aims to equip students with the practical knowledge and applied skills needed to design and implement effective habitat and species management strategies in the UK. It emphasizes action-oriented approaches grounded in ecological principles, enabling students to critically evaluate management options and develop feasible, evidence-based solutions for real-world conservation challenges.
This module will consider human-caused environmental change that affects a substantial part of the globe and biological systems. Biological responses to these human induced changes will be considered in terms of how organisms, species and communities may acclimatize, adapt or change. Specifically, we will consider how organisms can respond genetically and phenotypically, and how and why communities may change in their species and functional composition. After consolidating understanding of the causes of, and biological responses to, global change, we will consider what these impacts mean for ecosystem structure and function, the development of novel ecosystems, and approaches for conservation and ecosystem management under global change. This module will cover a range of differing causes of global change e.g. biological invasions or urbanisation, but content will be flexible to remain relevant to current and emerging challenges.
In this module, students undertake an independent programme of research under supervision from a member of staff. It provides students with an opportunity to demonstrate original and critical thought, as well as to build discipline-specific research and project-management skills. We currently offer projects in the laboratory (wet or animal) or field, projects that involve data analysis, literature research, educational research, science communication research, and market research. Students may work individually or in groups addressing similar questions, but must write up individually. The findings of the research will be written up and presented orally. The conduct and performance of the student as a research apprentice will be assessed.
This module provides a critical insight into the study of the biological diversity of soils, including their ecological and functional roles, to understand about best management and conservation practices. It will give a broad overview of the soil habitat and the patterns and drivers of soil biodiversity. The module will also deal with the methods used to manage soil biota and their processes. Concepts and principles will be introduced via formal lectures and further developed by using field and laboratory practicals.
Behavioural Ecology examines the way in which animals behavioural repertoires are shaped by ecological pressures and evolutionary forces, and how they contribute to survival and, ultimately, reproductive success (fitness). This module will therefore explore both how and in what way behaviours have evolved to maximise fitness, considering both short term adjustments and long term adaptations resulting from natural and sexual selection.
This module provides students with the opportunity to investigate biological phenomena in the field at an overseas location. Students work in groups, guided by staff, to develop and test hypotheses allowing them to understand more about biological processes operating within the study area. They are encouraged to view the ecosystem within the wider context of the anthropogenic impacts being imposed on it.
Palaeobiology tackles some of the most challenging and engaging topics of modern biology, including the emergence of biodiversity, patterns of recovery and expansion of ecosystems and species in the aftermath of profound crises (such as mass extinctions), and the interplay between originations and extinctions in shaping the Tree of Life. The module will enable students to comprehend the thrust and scope of fossil-based research, progressing from basic observations to formulation of complex macro-evolutionary inference. Palaeobiology is eminently interdisciplinary, absorbing concepts and methodologies from numerous other fields and providing tools and knowledge of wide use to other biologists, particularly those interested in tempo and mode of evolution and the comparative method.
The environment, its resources, its use, and its degradation are both shaped by and are drivers of unequal power relations at global, regional and local scales. Following, conservation, exploitation and development of planetary natures – including human – underpins many contemporary crises: ecological, climate, economic, geopolitical conflicts and violence, displacement and inequality. The vibrant interdisciplinary field of Political Ecology aims to assess and interpret the politics shaping socio-ecological relations, applying critical analyses to topics spanning forestry, water and mineral extraction to urbanization, development and technology, plus many others.
In this module students will gain an understanding of, and an appreciation for, the diversity, biology, ecology and evolution of the insects. Topics covered will provide a better understanding of basic entomological principles covering fundamentals of insect biology covering key aspects of evolutionary history, diversity, anatomy, physiology, and life history. Thereafter, there will be teaching sessions based around important themes of insect life, such as sensory perception, locomotion, reproduction, ecology, and economic importance.
This module examines the evolving relationships between humans and the natural world, challenging dominant narratives that separate nature and society by inviting students to explore the multiplicity of socio-natures and more-than-human perspectives. Throughout the module, students will engage with theories, methodologies, and case studies that introduce diverse and innovative approaches to understanding and researching nature-society interactions. The first half of the module emphasises more-than-human theories and methodologies, while the second half explores their real-world implications, examining the broader environmental, historical, and institutional frameworks that shape human perceptions of nature. By developing a nuanced view of complex, interwoven nature-society dynamics, the module will prepare students to engage critically with and thoughtfully address pressing environmental challenges whilst embracing multi-species practices and perspectives.
† Some courses may offer optional modules. The availability of optional modules may vary from year to year and will be subject to minimum student numbers being achieved. This means that the availability of specific optional modules cannot be guaranteed. Optional module selection may also be affected by staff availability.
Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of Animals is concerned with the principles of the diversity of anatomical form and function in animals using a comparative approach. Anatomical adaptations will be explored across taxa within the animal kingdom in order to show how different types of organisms use their anatomy to solve the similar physiological problems. Through this, an understanding will be developed of how organisms from different taxa address physiological aspects of their life histories.
Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their environment. These interactions can be studied across different levels of biological organisation including individuals, populations, communities and ecosystems. This module will examine how these different levels of organisation are interconnected and how the study of ecology allows us to better understand patterns in the natural world
Geography is a fundamentally spatial discipline. As such, spatial data and analyses often lie at the heart of how we understand and navigate life on our planet. This module provides an introduction to Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Earth Observation, including both the fundamental theories which underpin these technologies and their practical applications. Specifically, this module introduces students to some of the important sources of geospatial data and the technologies underpinning them, and highlights ways in which they are used both within geographical science and more widely. In addition, students will gain hands-on, skills-based experience in processing and analysing data using GIS and Earth Observation software. These are vital tools that will enable students to more rigorously assess the safety and health of the inhabited Earth.
This module aims to provide a broad overview of plant form and function by reviewing the key structural characteristics of cells, tissues and organs in a range of plant species. It investigates the diversity of plant form and the evolutionary history of plant life; emphasis is placed on the adaptations of plants to their environment. It focuses on the relationship between anatomy and the mechanical role of cells, tissues and organs. Concepts and principles are introduced via formal lectures and further developed by using laboratory practicals.
Practical field skills are essential for the Ecology and Conservation degree. This module introduces students to a range of skills including field identification, sampling of specimens, and laboratory analysis. Teaching will cover a range of skills for environmental monitoring and ecological assessment, and introduce students to a range of species protected under UK legislation, and therefore of particular interest to conservation organisations, government departments, and professional ecologists.
Research methods for the Life Sciences aims to introduce the skills and knowledge necessary for students to assimilate and judge scientific knowledge. Students will be introduced to the tools required to search and evaluate the scientific literature relevant to their studies, and some of the key philosophical constructs around which scientific knowledge is based. They will be taught about hypothesis testing, experimental design, data collection, basic mathematical and statistical concepts, and data presentation, and gain hands-on experience of their application.
The aim of this module is to introduce students to the links between ecosystems and human health. The module focuses heavily on the role of human activities in changing ecosystems, covering aspects of human impacts on ecosystems as well as policy and regulatory actions to improve and safeguard vital ecosystems. Impacts are assessed in terms of both human and wider environmental factors such as quality of life and access to safe and healthy resources as well as biodiversity, landscape assets and climate resilience. By exploring a range of relevant case studies, the module will discuss assumptions about environmental/ecosystem interactions and equip students with the necessary critical knowledge and overview for deriving real-world solutions to a representative range of current environmental problems. Teaching and assessment will cover three broad themes including environmental resources and degradation, SDGs, ecosystems and biodiversity and sustainable socio-ecological systems.
This module provides a critical insight into the key biological principles of conservation and their application in a cross-disciplinary context. It will give an overview of the nature and complexity of threats to biodiversity across scales of biological organisation, and approaches to mitigating these. It will detail the methods used to assess risk of extinction / collapse in ecological systems, especially the key foci of management: populations, habitats, and ecosystems. It will highlight the challenges conservation faces in varied contexts: ecological, social, political, economic, historical.
Data is central to any scientific pursuit. Data-centric skills are crucial for any environmental scientist undertaking any form of data collection, management, visualisation and/or analysis. This module introduces knowledge and skills relevant to varied sorts of environmental data: storage, handling and manipulation; data visualisation; statistical analysis, interpretation and communication; and applying such knowledge and skills when designing environmental studies. In the age of information, computational skills are becoming ever more relevant, and this module will hone different computational skills, especially coding.
This module introduces the fundamental concepts that explain how the diversity of life on earth has evolved. The module opens with accounts of the historical development of evolutionary biology as a science, teaches the fundamental principles of evolution, from genes through individuals to communities, from micro- to macroevolution. It builds upon basic ecological principles of interacting individuals across a continuum from mutualism to parasitism, and how these interactions drive co-evolution and adaptation to environments, driving diversity and shaping communities of interacting organisms.
This module will introduce students to the applications of GIS and Remote Sensing in supporting evidence-based decisions for sustainable landscape. Students will learn how spatial data is obtained, processed, analysed, and visualized to address real-world problems such as identifying crime hotspots, resources allocation, environmental and ecosystem monitoring and change detection. The module will combine lectures with hands-on practical sessions using industry-standard software such as ArcGIS Pro and QGIS. The theoretical foundations from lectures will enable students to critically interpret spatial data and communicate findings effectively through maps and reports. By exploring a range of GIS and remote sensing techniques, students will develop transferable skills useful for addressing a range of environmental issues.
This module will focus on understanding both how and why animals behave the way they do. It will consider key concepts within both domestic and wild animal behaviour, drawn from a wide variety of taxonomic groups, and appraise how an animal’s behaviour is influenced by its ecology and evolution, how it links to its underlying cognitive processes, and how it impacts on its welfare and conservation. There will be a particular emphasis on the practical investigation of animal behaviour.
Human influences on the environment can be seen almost everywhere on our planet, from the deepest ocean trenches to the peaks of the Himalayas and out beyond the stratosphere. This module introduces students to a wide range of human-caused environmental issues facing the world today, using a range of global and regional case studies. Students will explore their causes and consequences, as well as potential responses to them, and develop skills in communicating these critical issues to different audiences using different techniques.
This module is an introduction to the key major taxonomic groups of invertebrates and vertebrates. Major invertebrate groups will include inter alia: sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, nematodes, annelids, molluscs, arthropods, echinoderms, and cephalochordates. All major vertebrate classes will be considered in detail.
The School believes that an option to study overseas is a valuable educational opportunity for our students. Provision of this option supports the educational aims of the School of Life Sciences and enhances the distinctiveness of its degrees at Lincoln. The optional year is intended to:
- enable students to benefit from studying within a cross cultural environment;
- expose students to a wider academic and cultural experience;
- enhance their future employment opportunities;
- by increasing their cultural and professional mobility.
This module is optional for students within the School. Study Abroad is a year long module which enables students to spend a year studying abroad at one of the University's approved partner institutions. Eligible students must have completed their second year of study to a satisfactory standard and successfully completed the application process for the year abroad.
During the year spent abroad, students share classes with local students and study on a suite of locally-delivered taught modules which have been approved in advance by the University. Upon their return, as part of the assessment for this module, students are required to critically reflect upon their experience of living and studying in a different cultural environment and the skills acquired.
This module aims to help students understand theory, develop skills, build tacit knowledge and, importantly, integrate and apply knowledge and skills acquired from prior learning to novel situations. The module is built around the principle of scientific enquiry and the ownership of that process by students in order to develop practical, cognitive, and affective skills. Student ownership will be developed throughout the module, starting with guided activities that teach core identification and field study skills, and culminating in a student-led field study in which students conceive and design an experiment, collect and analyse data, and present the findings.
This module aims to equip students with the practical knowledge and applied skills needed to design and implement effective habitat and species management strategies in the UK. It emphasizes action-oriented approaches grounded in ecological principles, enabling students to critically evaluate management options and develop feasible, evidence-based solutions for real-world conservation challenges.
This module will consider human-caused environmental change that affects a substantial part of the globe and biological systems. Biological responses to these human induced changes will be considered in terms of how organisms, species and communities may acclimatize, adapt or change. Specifically, we will consider how organisms can respond genetically and phenotypically, and how and why communities may change in their species and functional composition. After consolidating understanding of the causes of, and biological responses to, global change, we will consider what these impacts mean for ecosystem structure and function, the development of novel ecosystems, and approaches for conservation and ecosystem management under global change. This module will cover a range of differing causes of global change e.g. biological invasions or urbanisation, but content will be flexible to remain relevant to current and emerging challenges.
In this module, students undertake an independent programme of research under supervision from a member of staff. It provides students with an opportunity to demonstrate original and critical thought, as well as to build discipline-specific research and project-management skills. We currently offer projects in the laboratory (wet or animal) or field, projects that involve data analysis, literature research, educational research, science communication research, and market research. Students may work individually or in groups addressing similar questions, but must write up individually. The findings of the research will be written up and presented orally. The conduct and performance of the student as a research apprentice will be assessed.
This module provides a critical insight into the study of the biological diversity of soils, including their ecological and functional roles, to understand about best management and conservation practices. It will give a broad overview of the soil habitat and the patterns and drivers of soil biodiversity. The module will also deal with the methods used to manage soil biota and their processes. Concepts and principles will be introduced via formal lectures and further developed by using field and laboratory practicals.
Behavioural Ecology examines the way in which animals behavioural repertoires are shaped by ecological pressures and evolutionary forces, and how they contribute to survival and, ultimately, reproductive success (fitness). This module will therefore explore both how and in what way behaviours have evolved to maximise fitness, considering both short term adjustments and long term adaptations resulting from natural and sexual selection.
This module provides students with the opportunity to investigate biological phenomena in the field at an overseas location. Students work in groups, guided by staff, to develop and test hypotheses allowing them to understand more about biological processes operating within the study area. They are encouraged to view the ecosystem within the wider context of the anthropogenic impacts being imposed on it.
Palaeobiology tackles some of the most challenging and engaging topics of modern biology, including the emergence of biodiversity, patterns of recovery and expansion of ecosystems and species in the aftermath of profound crises (such as mass extinctions), and the interplay between originations and extinctions in shaping the Tree of Life. The module will enable students to comprehend the thrust and scope of fossil-based research, progressing from basic observations to formulation of complex macro-evolutionary inference. Palaeobiology is eminently interdisciplinary, absorbing concepts and methodologies from numerous other fields and providing tools and knowledge of wide use to other biologists, particularly those interested in tempo and mode of evolution and the comparative method.
The environment, its resources, its use, and its degradation are both shaped by and are drivers of unequal power relations at global, regional and local scales. Following, conservation, exploitation and development of planetary natures – including human – underpins many contemporary crises: ecological, climate, economic, geopolitical conflicts and violence, displacement and inequality. The vibrant interdisciplinary field of Political Ecology aims to assess and interpret the politics shaping socio-ecological relations, applying critical analyses to topics spanning forestry, water and mineral extraction to urbanization, development and technology, plus many others.
In this module students will gain an understanding of, and an appreciation for, the diversity, biology, ecology and evolution of the insects. Topics covered will provide a better understanding of basic entomological principles covering fundamentals of insect biology covering key aspects of evolutionary history, diversity, anatomy, physiology, and life history. Thereafter, there will be teaching sessions based around important themes of insect life, such as sensory perception, locomotion, reproduction, ecology, and economic importance.
This module examines the evolving relationships between humans and the natural world, challenging dominant narratives that separate nature and society by inviting students to explore the multiplicity of socio-natures and more-than-human perspectives. Throughout the module, students will engage with theories, methodologies, and case studies that introduce diverse and innovative approaches to understanding and researching nature-society interactions. The first half of the module emphasises more-than-human theories and methodologies, while the second half explores their real-world implications, examining the broader environmental, historical, and institutional frameworks that shape human perceptions of nature. By developing a nuanced view of complex, interwoven nature-society dynamics, the module will prepare students to engage critically with and thoughtfully address pressing environmental challenges whilst embracing multi-species practices and perspectives.
† Some courses may offer optional modules. The availability of optional modules may vary from year to year and will be subject to minimum student numbers being achieved. This means that the availability of specific optional modules cannot be guaranteed. Optional module selection may also be affected by staff availability.
Examples of assessment methods that are used include coursework, such as written assignments, videos, reports, or dissertations; and written exams, such as formal examinations or in-class tests. The weighting given to each assessment method may vary across each academic year.
Examples of assessment methods that are used include coursework, such as written assignments, videos, reports, or dissertations; and written exams, such as formal examinations or in-class tests. The weighting given to each assessment method may vary across each academic year.
There is an optional overseas field trip in the third year. This will provide the opportunity to do research in a novel environment and to study local plants and animals. Destinations may vary, but have previously included the cloud forests of Ecuador, the Mankwe Wildlife Reserve in South Africa, and Molise in Italy.
Optional field trips may incur additional costs, including flights. Students may also be required to pay for overnight stays, local travel, and food close to the destination if their flights arrive the day before the team are scheduled to meet.
Students may bring personal items of clothing and travel equipment, some of which may be specialised for the environment they are travelling to, and recommended medicines and travel toiletries such as anti-malaria medication, vaccinations, insect repellent and sunscreen. These costs will depend on what you choose to bring.
Alongside a residential field trip in the UK, students on this course can take part in an optional overseas field trip in the third year.
Destinations may vary, but have previously included the cloud forests of Ecuador, the Mankwe Wildlife Reserve in South Africa, and Molise in Italy.
On each trip students are introduced to local flora and fauna, present a group project, and complete an identification test of plants, vertebrates, and invertebrates.
All full-time students on this course may take an optional placement year between the second and third year of the programme. While these placements are student-led, you will be continuously supported by academic staff throughout. Placements provide the opportunity to gain workplace experience and a chance to hone your skills in a professional environment. A Placement Year Fee is payable to the University of Lincoln during this year for students joining in 2025/26 and beyond. Students are expected to cover their own travel, accommodation, and living costs
An optional year abroad is available for full-time students between the second and third years. A Study Abroad Tuition Fee is payable to the University of Lincoln during this year for students joining in 2025/26 and beyond. No extra tuition fee is payable to the host university, but students are expected to cover their own travel, accommodation, and living costs. Travel grants and an overseas rate maintenance loan may be available for eligible students from Student Finance. The University’s Global Opportunities Team can provide further support and guidance.
I chose this course as it combined my two favourite subjects: Geography and Biology. I really liked the unique blend and it enabled me to study key elements from both subjects.
Ellen Butcher
BSc (Hons) Ecology and Conservation
Career opportunities for Ecology and Conservation graduates may include teaching, environmental consultancy, applied conservation in the UK or internationally, and science journalism. Graduates may choose to continue their studies at postgraduate level.
104 to 112 UCAS Tariff points.
This must be achieved from a minimum of 2 A Levels or equivalent Level 3 qualifications, to include 40 points from Biology, Geography, Geology or Environmental Science. For example:
A Level: BCC to BBC to include a Grade B in Biology, Geography, Geology or Environmental Science.
BTEC Extended Diploma in Animal Management and Applied Science depending on modules: DMM
(Please include units on application)
T Level in Science: Merit Overall
(Health or Health Science not accepted)
Access to Higher Education Diploma: 104 to 112 UCAS points to be achieved from 45 Level 3 credits, including 40 points from 15 credits in Biology, Geography, Geology or Environmental Science.
International Baccalaureate: 29 points overall to include a Higher Level in Biology, Geography, Geology or Environmental Science.
GCSE's: Minimum of three at grade 4 or above, which must include English. Equivalent Level 2 qualifications may be considered.
The University accepts a wide range of qualifications as the basis for entry and do accept a combination of qualifications which may include A Levels, BTECs, Extended Project Qualification (EPQ).
We may also consider applicants with extensive and relevant work experience and will give special individual consideration to those who do not meet the standard entry qualifications.
Non UK Qualifications:
If you have studied outside of the UK, and are unsure whether your qualification meets the above requirements, please visit our country pages
https://www.lincoln.ac.uk/studywithus/internationalstudents/entryrequirementsandyourcountry/ for information on equivalent qualifications.
EU and Overseas students will be required to demonstrate English language proficiency equivalent to IELTS 6.0 overall, with a minimum of 5.5 in each element. For information regarding other English language qualifications we accept, please visit the English Requirements page
If you do not meet the above IELTS requirements, you may be able to take part in one of our Pre-sessional English and Academic Study Skills courses.
For applicants who do not meet our standard entry requirements, our Science Foundation Year can provide an alternative route of entry onto our full degree programmes:
https://www.lincoln.ac.uk/course/sfysfyub/lifesciences/
If you would like further information about entry requirements, or would like to discuss whether the qualifications you are currently studying are acceptable, please contact the Admissions team on 01522 886097, or email admissions@lincoln.ac.uk
104 to 112 UCAS Tariff points from a minimum of 2 A Levels or equivalent Level 3 qualifications, to include 40 points from Biology, Geography, Geology or Environmental Science.
If you are eligible for a contextual offer, a one grade or 8 UCAS Tariff point reduction to the standard entry requirements will be applied. Subject specific requirements will still be required as part of the standard entry criteria.
A Level: BBC to include a Grade B in Biology, Geography, Geology or Environmental Science.
BTEC Extended Diploma in Animal Management : DMM
BTED Extended Diploma in Applied Science considered depending on units studied. Please include these on your application.
We will accept a Pearson Level 3 Alternative Academic Qualification BTEC National (equivalent to 1 A Level) in Medical Science or Applied Science to meet the subject specific requirement: Merit
T Level in Science: Merit Overall
(T Levels in Health or Health Science are not accepted)
Access to Higher Education Diploma: 112 UCAS points to be achieved from 45 Level 3 credits, including 40 points from 15 credits in Biology, Geography, Geology or Environmental Science.
International Baccalaureate: 29 points overall to include a Higher Level in Biology, Geography, Geology or Environmental Science.
GCSEs: Minimum of three at grade 4 or above, which must include English. Equivalent Level 2 qualifications may be considered.
The University accepts a wide range of qualifications as the basis for entry and do accept a combination of qualifications which may include A Levels, BTECs, Extended Project Qualification (EPQ).
We may also consider applicants with extensive and relevant work experience and will give special individual consideration to those who do not meet the standard entry qualifications.
Non UK Qualifications:
If you have studied outside of the UK, and are unsure whether your qualification meets the above requirements, please visit our country pages
https://www.lincoln.ac.uk/studywithus/internationalstudents/entryrequirementsandyourcountry/ for information on equivalent qualifications.
EU and Overseas students will be required to demonstrate English language proficiency equivalent to IELTS 6.0 overall, with a minimum of 5.5 in each element. For information regarding other English language qualifications we accept, please visit the English Requirements page
If you do not meet the above IELTS requirements, you may be able to take part in one of our Pre-sessional English and Academic Study Skills courses.
For applicants who do not meet our standard entry requirements, our Science Foundation Year can provide an alternative route of entry onto our full degree programmes:
https://www.lincoln.ac.uk/course/sfysfyub/lifesciences/
If you would like further information about entry requirements, or would like to discuss whether the qualifications you are currently studying are acceptable, please contact the Admissions team on 01522 886097, or email admissions@lincoln.ac.uk
Going to university is a life-changing step and it's important to understand the costs involved and the funding options available before you start. A full breakdown of the fees associated with this programme can be found on our course fees pages.
For eligible undergraduate students going to university for the first time, scholarships and bursaries are available to help cover costs. To help support students from outside of the UK, we are also delighted to offer a number of international scholarships which range from £1,000 up to the value of 50 per cent of tuition fees. For full details and information about eligibility, visit our scholarships and bursaries pages.
Going to university is a life-changing step and it's important to understand the costs involved and the funding options available before you start. A full breakdown of the fees associated with this programme can be found on our course fees pages.
For eligible undergraduate students going to university for the first time, scholarships and bursaries are available to help cover costs. To help support students from outside of the UK, we are also delighted to offer a number of international scholarships which range from £1,000 up to the value of 50 per cent of tuition fees. For full details and information about eligibility, visit our scholarships and bursaries pages.
The best way to find out what it is really like to live and learn at Lincoln is to visit us in person. We offer a range of opportunities across the year to help you to get a real feel for what it might be like to study here.
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We want you to have all the information you need to make an informed decision on where and what you want to study. In addition to the information provided on this course page, our What You Need to Know page offers explanations on key topics including programme validation/revalidation, additional costs, and contact hours.
We want you to have all the information you need to make an informed decision on where and what you want to study. In addition to the information provided on this course page, our What You Need to Know page offers explanations on key topics including programme validation/revalidation, additional costs, and contact hours.
